What ideologies were commonly associated with totalitarian regimes in Europe?

Totalitarian regimes in Europe were primarily characterized by extreme nationalism and state control. This ideology furthers the idea that the interests of the state supersede individual rights and liberties. Under totalitarianism, the government exerts significant control over many aspects of life, including politics, society, and the economy. This often involves aggressive propaganda, suppression of dissent, and the promotion of a singular national identity.

Extreme nationalism in totalitarian regimes fosters an intense allegiance to the state, often at the expense of any minority groups or alternative political ideologies. This extreme form of nationalism serves as a unifying force that can mobilize populations, but it also leads to xenophobia and militarism, as these regimes often perceive themselves as in conflict with foreign influences or adversaries.

In this context, state control encompasses the regulation and oversight of many facets of daily life, from censorship of the media to the implementation of surveillance practices. This creates a climate in which the government can maintain its authority over the populace, ensuring that dissent is quickly quashed and that loyalty to the ruling party is enforced through various means.

The other ideologies listed—liberty and democratic participation, economic socialism and class struggle, and liberalism and multiculturalism—are not aligned with the principles of