What was the outcome of the Concordat of Worms in 1122?

The Concordat of Worms in 1122 was a significant agreement that sought to resolve the Investiture Controversy, a conflict between the Church and the monarchy over the appointment of bishops and other church officials. The outcome established a clear separation of secular and religious powers. It stipulated that while the Holy Roman Emperor retained the right to invest bishops with secular authority and grant them lands, the spiritual authority to appoint bishops was reserved for the Church, specifically the Pope. This compromise limited the emperor's influence over ecclesiastical matters and reinforced the autonomy of the Church in appointing its leaders, ultimately leading to a clear distinction between the roles of the secular and religious authorities in the Holy Roman Empire.