What was the relationship between nationalism and romanticism in 19th century Europe?

The relationship between nationalism and romanticism in 19th century Europe is characterized by the way romanticism celebrated national folklore and identity. This movement emphasized emotion, nature, and the unique cultural aspects of various nations, thereby intertwining with the growing sentiment of nationalism during this period.

Romantic artists and writers often drew inspiration from their countries' histories, myths, and cultural traditions, fostering a sense of pride and unity among the people. By highlighting local folklore, legends, and the natural landscape, romanticism reinforced national identities and the distinctiveness of each nation, contributing to the larger nationalist movements across Europe.

In contrast to the other options, the idea that both movements were completely unrelated overlooks their interconnectedness. The assertion that nationalism rejected all artistic expressions does not align with the evidence of how national pride manifested through art and literature. Lastly, stating that romanticism only focused on individualism neglects the movement's broader scope, which included significant emphases on community, culture, and nationhood. Thus, recognizing the celebration of national folklore and identity in romanticism captures the essence of how these two movements influenced one another during this transformative period in European history.