Which document resolved the Lay Investiture controversy in 1122?

The Concordat of Worms, established in 1122, effectively resolved the Lay Investiture controversy, a significant conflict between the church and secular authorities over the appointment of bishops and other church officials. This agreement emerged from tensions between the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor regarding who held the authority to appoint clergy.

The key outcome of the Concordat of Worms was the delineation of powers; it allowed the emperor to invest bishops with secular authority—such as land and political power—while the Pope retained the right to appoint bishops and bestow spiritual authority upon them. This compromise helped to stabilize the relationship between church and state in medieval Europe and marked a pivotal moment in the struggle for power between these two entities.

In contrast, the other documents listed do not relate to this controversy. The Treaty of Versailles is associated with World War I, the Magna Carta is a foundational document for English constitutional law that emerged in 1215, and the Charter of Liberties refers to earlier English governance and rights but is not connected to the specific issues addressed by the Concordat of Worms.