Which Enlightenment ideas notably influenced the American and French revolutions?

The choice of liberty, equality, and democratic governance as the correct answer reflects the core principles of Enlightenment thought that significantly shaped both the American and French revolutions. Enlightenment philosophers like John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Montesquieu emphasized individual rights, the social contract, and the concept of popular sovereignty—ideas advocating that government should be based on the consent of the governed and that all men are created equal.

In the context of the American Revolution, these Enlightenment ideals fueled the desire for independence from British rule and led to the creation of foundational documents such as the Declaration of Independence, which explicitly asserts the rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

Similarly, during the French Revolution, the principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity became rallying cries against the existing monarchy and aristocracy, driving the demand for a more egalitarian society and a government that reflects the will of the people.

By emphasizing democratic governance, these ideas inspired revolutionary leaders and citizens alike to challenge existing power structures, seek political reform, and establish governments that prioritize individual freedoms and equal rights under the law.