Which of the following was a significant change in labor systems during the Industrial Revolution?

The rise of factory-based labor is a significant change in labor systems during the Industrial Revolution because it marked a fundamental transformation in how goods were produced and how labor was organized. During this period, there was a shift from traditional agrarian economies and artisanal craft methods to a system where large numbers of workers operated machinery in centralized locations, such as factories. This new mode of production allowed for greater efficiency, increased scale, and the ability to produce goods at a faster rate.

Factory-based labor also led to the establishment of wage labor as a more common practice. Workers often moved from rural areas into urban centers to work in factories, which changed societal structures and demographics. This shift facilitated the growth of the industrial economy and contributed to significant societal changes, including urbanization and alterations in family structures as more individuals entered the workforce.

Other answers do not accurately represent the key transformations of that era. For instance, a decrease in factory jobs would contradict the industrial growth, a shift towards agrarian economies represents a regression relative to the industrial advancements, and a return to craft-based manufacturing would not align with the period's emphasis on mechanization and mass production. Thus, the rise of factory-based labor correctly encapsulates the essential labor system change during the Industrial Revolution.